Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, with the molecular formula NaHCO₃, is an inorganic compound with a white powder or fine crystals, salty taste, soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and slightly alkaline in aqueous solution.It is easy to decompose when heated, and it decomposes slowly in humid air. It decomposes quickly when the temperature reaches 50℃, and completely decomposes when heated to 270℃.In case of acid, it decomposes strongly, producing carbon dioxide.Sodium bicarbonate is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, light industry, textile and other industrial fields, and occupies an important position in people's daily lives.

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Application Description

Laboratory use: Sodium bicarbonate can be used as an analytical reagent and is also used in inorganic synthesis.It can be used to prepare a sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer solution. When a small amount of acid or alkali is added, the hydrogen ion concentration can be maintained without significant changes, and the pH value of the system can be maintained relatively stable.

Industrial use: Sodium bicarbonate can be used in the production of acid-base fire extinguishers and foam fire extinguishers. In the rubber industry, sodium bicarbonate can be used in the production of rubber and sponge.In the metallurgical industry, sodium bicarbonate can be used as a flux for casting steel ingots.In the machinery industry, sodium bicarbonate can be used as a forming aid for cast steel (sand turning) sand molds.In the printing and dyeing industry, sodium bicarbonate can be used as a color fixing agent for dyeing and printing, an acid-base buffer, and a post-treatment agent for fabric dyeing and finishing; adding baking soda to dyeing can prevent the yarn tube from producing color flowers, and it can also be used as a detergent for wool.

Food processing uses: In food processing, sodium bicarbonate is one of the most widely used loosening agents. It is used in the production of biscuits, bread, etc., But sodium carbonate will remain after action. Excessive use will cause food alkalinity to be too large, resulting in deterioration of flavor and yellow-brown color.It is a generator of carbon dioxide in soda beverages; it can be combined with alum to form alkaline baking powder, and it can also be combined with soda ash to form civil stone alkali; it can also be used as a butter preservative.It can be used as a color protector for fruits and vegetables in vegetable processing.Adding about 0.1%~0.2% sodium bicarbonate when washing fruits and vegetables can stabilize the green color.When sodium bicarbonate is used as a fruit and vegetable treatment agent, by boiling and bleaching fruits and vegetables, the pH value of fruits and vegetables can be increased, the water retention of protein can be improved, and the food tissue cells can be softened to dissolve the astringent ingredients.In addition, it has a decontamination effect on goat milk, and the amount used is 0.001%~0.002%.

Agricultural and animal husbandry uses: Sodium bicarbonate can be used for agricultural dipping, and it can also make up for the lack of lysine content in feed. Dissolve sodium bicarbonate in a small amount of water or mix it into the concentrate to feed cattle (add it in moderation), which can promote the growth of cattle and significantly increase the milk production of cows.

Medical use: Sodium bicarbonate can be used as a pharmaceutical raw material for the treatment of excessive gastric acid and metabolic acidosis, and it can also alkalize urine to prevent uric acid kidney stones.It can also reduce the nephrotoxicity of sulfonamides, prevent hemoglobin from being deposited in the renal tubules during acute hemolysis, and treat symptoms caused by excessive gastric acid; intravenous instillation has a non-specific therapeutic effect on drug poisoning such as barbiturates, salicylic acids, and methanol.However, it is prohibited for gastric lavage when swallowing strong acidosis, and when injected in large quantities, renal insufficiency or long-term application, arrhythmia, muscle spasms, pain, abnormal tiredness and weakness, slowed breathing, oral odor, frequent urination, urgency, persistent headache, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, etc. May occur.